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واکاوی مبانی فیزیولوژی، زیست‌شناختی و جامعه‌شناختی تفکیک جنسیتی در آموزش
1دکتری برنامه‌ریزی درسی، دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا
2دکتری برنامه‌ریزی درسی، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا.
چکیده
هدف: نظامهای آموزشی جهان و از جمله کشور ما، با چالشها و مسائل نوینی روبه‌روست. یکی از این چالشها، بحث تفکیک جنسیتی یا آموزش تک‌جنسیتی است. هدف این پژوهش، بررسی ضرورت، مبانی فیزیولوژی، زیست‌شناختی و جامعه‌شناختی تفکیک جنسیت در آموزش بود. روش: روش پژوهش سنتزپژوهی بود. یافته‌ها: بر اساس مبانی فیزیولوژی، زیست‌شناختی و جامعه‌شناسی، طرفداران آموزش تک‌جنسیتی معتقدند که باید در آموزش، تفکیک جنسیتی صورت گیرد و در این راستا به تفاوتهای دختران و پسران در زمینه‌های مختلف اشاره می‌کنند. مهم‌ترین دلایل آنان در این زمینه، تقویت خودپندارۀ تحصیلی، سبک نوشتار متفاوت و نابرابر دختران و پسران، تفاوت در ماهیت مشارکت، تفاوت در حس تعلق و دلبستگی تحصیلی، اهمیت وابستگی برای دختران و رقابت برای پسران و خودآگاهی بدنی بیشتر دختران بود. نتیجه‌گیری: هر یک از حامیان دو رویکرد تک‌جنسیتی و مختلط، برای دفاع از موضع خود دلایلی رقیب ارائه کرده‌اند. تصمیم‌سازی در این خصوص، وامدار علل و عوامل مختلفی است؛ اما این پژوهش بر اساس مبانی نظری و پیشینه‌های بررسی‌شده، بر تفکیک جنسیت تأکید دارد و تفکیک را از عوامل اصلی در بهبود آموزش و یادگیری تلقی کرده است.
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